Notably, among central nervous system cells, microglia demonstrate a particularly high susceptibility to ferroptosis compared to neurons and astrocytes
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More importantly, folinic acid can use alternative transport mechanisms (e.g., reduced folate carrier, RFC) to enter the brain, bypassing the blocked FR pathway
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The molecular mechanisms behind IAA-induced neuronal apoptosis involve the upregulation of mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and JNK, where pMAPK can enhance the expression of TNF, consequently triggering cell apoptosis (Lapchak et al., 2011
